Here at Wild Wood Growers, we believe in the power of heritage food – not just for nostalgia, but because growing and eating what belongs to a place is one of the most grounding things you can do. So let’s talk about carlin peas: where they come from, how to grow them, and how to eat them.

Where Does Carlin Sunday Come From?

The true origin of Carlin Sunday is, as with so many folk traditions, a little blurry around the edges. There are several stories, and each region of the North tends to favour its own version.

The most commonly told tale ties the tradition to 1644, when Royalist Newcastle was under siege from Scottish forces during the English Civil War. The city’s food supplies were dwindling when a ship, French or Norwegian, depending on who’s telling the story, broke through the blockade and delivered a cargo of dried peas. The people were fed. And every year after that, so the story goes, they ate carlins in gratitude.

An earlier version points to 1327 and the siege of the port by Robert the Bruce, with a shipload of peas once again arriving in the nick of time. Another tale tells of a ship running aground off South Shields during Lent, with the peas washing ashore to feed hungry locals. Some historians have even linked the name ‘carlin’ to an ancient shipbuilding term, the carling, which is the structural beam of a vessel and which would fit neatly with the shipwreck stories.

There’s also a much older thread. Some food historians point to Roman and pre-Christian traditions of distributing pulses as part of funeral rites and Lenten fasting practices. The earliest written mention of ‘carlines’ as a specific pea variety dates to 1562, in a herbal written by William Turner, who notes them as a distinctly Northumbrian food.

Whatever the true origin, the tradition took root. A northern saying developed over centuries to help people remember the Sundays of Lent leading up to Easter: 

Tid, Mid, Miseray, Carlin, Palm, Pace-Egg Day.

Carlin was the fifth Sunday. It sat in the rhythm of Lent like a landmark, a day to cook something simple, share it with neighbours, and mark the slow approach of spring.

The Carlin Pea: A Growing Profile

Carlin peas go by many names: maple peas, pigeon peas, black badgers, and parched peas. They are a heritage field pea, distinct from the sweet garden pea you’d shell fresh in summer, and closer to what has kept people alive through long winters for generations.

The peas themselves are small, round, and a mottled brown colour when dried. When fresh, they’re green, like any other pea. They have a nutty, earthy, slightly sweet flavour and are richer and more complex than a standard garden pea, with a texture somewhere between a lentil and a chickpea once cooked.

At a Glance

• Type: Heritage field pea, grown as a drying pea
• Habit: Climbing annual with tendrils; reaches 50–90cm tall, sometimes taller in good conditions
• Flowers: Beautiful pink and bicolour blooms — worth growing for the flowers alone
• Pods: Grey-green pods, harvested when the peas are fully mature and beginning to dry
• Seeds: Small, round, mottled brown when dried; green when fresh
• Difficulty: Easy — one of the most forgiving crops you can sow

How to Grow Carlin Peas

Carlin peas are a lovely crop for UK growers because they suit our cool, damp climate well and don’t demand much in return.

Sowing

Sow from March to May. You can start in modules under cover in March and transplant outside in mid to late April, which gives young plants a little protection in exposed spots. Or sow directly into the ground from April onwards when the soil has warmed a little. June is also a possibility for a later harvest.

Soil and site

They prefer a sunny spot with well-drained but moisture-retentive soil. A rich, loamy soil is ideal. Peas fix nitrogen from the air through their roots, which means they actually improve the soil for whatever you plant next, making them an excellent choice in a crop rotation.

Support

They produce plenty of tendrils and are good at supporting themselves, but a few pea sticks or long twigs pushed into the ground alongside the plants will help them climb. Traditional pea sticks are one of the loveliest bits of old kitchen garden kit. They can grow to between 5-6 feet on average, sometimes taller, so additional support may be helpful as the growing season progresses. 

Harvesting

For dried carlin peas, leave the pods on the plant until they are fully mature and starting to turn papery. If the weather turns wet before they’ve dried on the vine, pull up the whole plant and hang it somewhere airy to finish drying. Shell the peas when the pods are crackly dry, and store in a cool, dark place in a jar or paper bag.

Saving seeds

The beauty of carlin peas is that your harvest is your seed bank. Set aside a handful of the best, fully dried peas from a healthy plant, label them, and you have next year’s sowing and perhaps some to share. This is exactly what seed saving is all about: keeping varieties alive by growing them, year after year.

Things to watch out for

Pigeons love peas. Mice will eat newly sown seeds if they find them. Aphids can be a nuisance in warm spells. Net young plants if birds are a problem, and sow a little deeper to deter mice. Old CDs hung on the supports are surprisingly effective bird deterrents.

How Carlin Sunday Has Been Celebrated Over the Years

For much of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Carlin Sunday was a genuinely observed occasion across the North East, parts of Cumbria, Lancashire, and of course, Yorkshire! Pubs would put bowls of carlins on the bar for their regulars, free, a gesture of community, often served alongside a sprinkle of salt and vinegar or a splash of rum. It was the kind of food that required nothing fancy, just peas, soaked overnight, cooked simply, and shared.

At fairs and markets, carlins were sold from stalls as a hot street food. In industrial towns, they were a staple takeaway. Food historian Roy Shipperbottom, writing in 1995, recalled ‘black peas’ being a regular fixture at fairs in Lancashire, served from dedicated stalls alongside the other entertainments of the day.

The tradition has declined significantly over the last few decades. Many people in the North East today have never heard of it, let alone eaten carlins. But it hasn’t completely disappeared. Beamish Museum marks the day every year, displaying carlins in their 1900s Co-op grocery as they would have been sold a century ago, and cooking them for visitors. Heritage seed suppliers like Hodmedod’s and Seeds of Scotland stock carlin peas and have played an important role in keeping the variety alive.

There’s something so endearing about the fact that this tradition was carried not by institutions or grand events, but by families and the knowledge passed down in kitchens, the habit of soaking peas on Saturday night, the familiar taste of a dish that arrives once a year and then disappears again.

How to Eat Carlins: Simple Serving Suggestions

The beauty of carlin peas is in their simplicity. They don’t need much. The traditional method is easy, and the variations are endless. Here’s how to get started.

The Traditional Method

• Soak the dried carlin peas overnight in cold water
• Drain and rinse them the next morning
• Boil in fresh water until tender — this usually takes 45 minutes to an hour, depending on how long they’ve been soaked. Do not add salt until they’re fully cooked, as salt during cooking can prevent them softening properly
• Drain and serve

Serving Ideas

The classic: salt, pepper, and malt vinegar.

Serve hot in a bowl. Add a generous pinch of salt, some black pepper, and a good splash of malt vinegar. That’s it. It’s the North East pub version, and it’s super satisfying.

The sweet version: butter, brown sugar, and rum.

Fry the boiled peas in a little butter, add a spoonful of brown sugar, and finish with a splash of dark rum. Serve hot. It sounds unusual but it’s rich, warming, and genuinely lovely on a March evening.

Cold with vinegar.

Cooked carlins can be eaten cold, dressed with salt, pepper, and vinegar, like a simple pulse salad. Good on top of a chunky slice of sourdough toast with a dollop of mustard, or with some good cheese.

In a soup or stew.

Carlins work beautifully in a thick, wintery soup with root vegetables, onion, and a bay leaf or two. They hold their shape better than split peas and add a lovely depth of flavour. A ham hock is the traditional companion, but they’re equally good in a simple vegetable broth.

With a ham bone.

Cook the soaked carlins with a ham joint to allow the peas to absorb the smoky, savoury flavour beautifully. Shred the ham, stir it back through the peas, season well, and serve with crusty bread. Proper Northern comfort food.

In a curry or dhal.

Carlins have enough character to hold up to spice. Use them in place of chickpeas in a simple tomato-based curry, or cook them down slowly with cumin, turmeric, and a little coconut milk for something closer to a dhal. They’re versatile in ways that might surprise you.

Keep the Tradition Growing

The best thing you can do for Carlin Sunday is simple: find some carlin peas, cook them tonight, and tell someone about them. If you’d like to grow your own, they’re straightforward to sow from round about now onwards, and when you harvest and save your own seed at the end of summer, you become part of a very long chain of people keeping this variety alive.

Here at Wild Wood Growers, we love the idea of heritage crops like this finding their way back into North East kitchens. There’s real value in growing and eating what belongs to where you live, not just as a performance of tradition, but as a genuine connection to place and community.

This year feels particularly special for me. It’s a personal tradition to sow the season’s carlin peas on Carlin Sunday itself, a small ritual that ties the cooking to the growing in a way that feels good. But this year, the seeds going into the ground are saved seeds from last year’s crop, grown as part of the Seed Sovereignty’s year-long seed production training programme that I participated in last year. These aren’t peas bought from a packet; they’ve been selected, grown with intention, harvested carefully, and stored through winter. Sowing them today, on Carlin Sunday, feels like closing a loop.

Happy Carlin Sunday. We hope your peas are good.

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Sweet peas are a timeless favourite in British gardens, loved for their delicate, ruffled blooms and fragrance. Whether climbing up trellises or brightening up a cottage garden border, these annuals are a rewarding plant to grow from seed. Here’s everything you need to know to grow strong, healthy sweet peas in your own garden or allotment.

Sowing Sweet Pea Seeds – when to sow

Sweet peas can be sown between late winter and early spring (February–March) for a beautiful summer display. For stronger plants, you can also sow in autumn (October–November), overwintering young plants in a cold frame or greenhouse.

How to Sow

1. Choose a container: Use deep pots, root trainers, or seed trays filled with peat-free, multi-purpose compost.
2. Sow seeds: Plant seeds 1–2 cm deep, spacing them out to allow room for roots to develop.
3. Watering: Gently water the soil after sowing, but avoid overwatering to prevent rotting.
4. Germination conditions: Place pots in a cool greenhouse, cold frame, or bright windowsill. Sweet peas germinate best in temperatures around 10–15°C.

Tip: To improve germination, you can soak seeds in water for a few hours before sowing or gently nick the seed coat with a knife.

Growing Conditions

Light & Temperature

Sweet peas thrive in full sun, needing at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. They prefer cooler conditions and may struggle in extreme heat.

Soil & Compost

Use well-draining, nutrient-rich soil with plenty of organic matter. If growing in containers, choose a peat-free compost and ensure good drainage.

Support for Climbing

Sweet peas are climbers, so they need a strong trellis, netting, or wigwam-style supports to grow properly. Put supports in place when planting to avoid disturbing roots later.

Caring for Sweet Peas

Watering

Keep the soil consistently moist, especially in dry spells, but avoid waterlogging. Mulching around the base helps retain moisture.

Pinching Out for Bushier Plants

When young plants reach 10–15 cm tall, pinch out the growing tips to encourage bushier growth and more flowering stems.

Feeding

Feed plants every couple of weeks with a high-potash liquid feed (such as tomato feed) once they start flowering.

Deadheading & Cutting Flowers

• Deadhead regularly to keep plants flowering for longer.
• Cut flowers frequently – the more you pick, the more they bloom! Harvest stems when 1–3 blooms in the cluster are open for the best vase life.

Common Problems & Solutions

Poor Germination

• Ensure seeds aren’t overwatered.
• Scarify (nick) or soak seeds before sowing if the seed coat is very hard.

Leggy Seedlings

• Provide plenty of light to prevent stretching.
• Pinch out tips once seedlings are established.

Powdery Mildew

• Ensure good airflow around plants.
• Water at the base, not over the leaves.

Aphids

• Wash off with a jet of water or introduce beneficial insects like ladybirds.

Why Choose Wild Wood Growers’ Sweet Pea Seeds?

Our sweet pea seeds are produced from organically grown plants in our herb and flower garden, cultivated without synthetic chemicals and using regenerative growing practices. Each seed is hand-selected and saved using traditional methods, ensuring strong, resilient plants that thrive in UK gardens.

Sow, grow, and enjoy the scent of summer! Buy sweet pea seeds here.

The post Sweet Pea Growing guide appeared first on Wild Wood Growers UK.

Case Study 1: Overcoming Burnout in a Corporate Setting

In a three-week Forest Therapy programme, stressed corporate professionals participated in guided sessions focusing on mindful walking, sensory engagement, and quiet reflection within a local green space. The outcomes were striking:

• Improved Focus: 78% of participants felt better equipped to manage work-related challenges, a finding supported by research showing time in nature enhances attention restoration (Kaplan & Kaplan, 1989).
• Reduced Stress Levels: Cortisol levels, a biomarker for stress, significantly decreased—a result echoed by research from Lee et al. (2011), which demonstrated reduced stress hormone levels following forest walks.
• Enhanced Team Bonding: Structured group activities fostered camaraderie and mutual support, aligning with evidence that shared outdoor experiences promote social cohesion (Marselle, Irvine, & Warber, 2014).

Case Study 2: Building Mental Resilience in Urban Teens

A two-month pilot programme introduced Forest Therapy to urban teenagers in a high-density neighborhood. Weekly sessions blended mindfulness activities with environmental education. The results included:

• Increased Emotional Regulation: Teens displayed better coping strategies for managing anger and frustration, which reflects findings from Barton & Pretty (2010) linking nature exposure to improved mental health.
• Better Academic Performance: Teachers noted heightened classroom focus and engagement. Similar outcomes are highlighted by studies suggesting time in green spaces can improve concentration and cognitive function in children (Wells, 2000).
• Greater Environmental Awareness: Participants developed a stronger connection to their local ecosystems, an outcome supported by Chawla & Cushing (2007), who found that early nature experiences foster lifelong environmental stewardship.

Case Study 3: Managing Anxiety in Ex-Service Armed Forces Personnel with PTSD

A six-week Forest Therapy programme was designed for veterans experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The sessions incorporated mindfulness practices, sensory awareness, and grounding exercises in a forest environment. The outcomes were remarkable:

• Reduced Anxiety Levels: Participants reported a 30% reduction in anxiety symptoms, corroborated by findings from Ulrich et al. (1991), which highlight the calming effect of natural environments on stress and anxiety.
• Improved Sleep Quality: Veterans noted better sleep patterns, consistent with research showing that exposure to green spaces can enhance restorative sleep (Morita et al., 2007).
• Increased Social Support: Engaging in group activities fostered trust and a sense of community, aligning with studies that emphasize the role of shared experiences in building social connections for individuals with PTSD (Beck et al., 2017).

Case Study 4: Enhancing Recovery in Patients with Chronic Illness

A Forest Therapy initiative supported patients recovering from chronic illnesses, such as diabetes and heart disease, over a three-month period. Participants attended bi-weekly sessions focusing on slow walking, nature observation, and reflective journaling.

• Lower Blood Pressure: Regular exposure to forest environments significantly reduced participants’ blood pressure, a result supported by Shinrin-yoku (forest bathing) studies (Park et al., 2010).
• Improved Mental Wellbeing: Participants experienced reduced depression and greater emotional balance, consistent with research showing the mental health benefits of forest therapy for those with chronic illnesses (Hartig et al., 2014).
• Higher Physical Activity Levels: Patients reported feeling more motivated to engage in gentle exercise outside of the program, contributing to their overall recovery.

Practical Takeaways

• Start a Nature Journal: Reflect on your emotions and physical sensations after spending time outdoors. Journaling can deepen your awareness and appreciation of nature’s effects.
• Join a Local Session: Explore guided Forest Therapy sessions in your area to experience its benefits. Check directories or local community organizations for options.
• Advocate for Green Spaces: Support local initiatives to preserve and expand green areas, ensuring everyone can access the healing power of nature. This advocacy is vital, particularly for urban areas where natural spaces are scarce.

Insights for Forest Therapy Practitioners

• Tailored Approaches Work Best: Activities should suit the specific needs of participants. For instance, corporate groups may respond well to structured exercises, whereas teens might benefit more from creative, unstructured time in nature.
• Consistency Is Key: Regular sessions amplify benefits. Research by Hansen et al. (2017) highlights that repeated exposure to natural environments enhances therapeutic outcomes.
• Accessibility Matters: Ensuring locations are reachable and activities are inclusive is essential for diverse groups, particularly those with physical limitations.

Forest Therapy has shown profound potential to reduce stress, build resilience, and strengthen connections to both people and the environment. Through case studies and practical insights, we see how mindfully engaging with nature can help individuals and communities thrive.

The science and case studies confirm what many instinctively know: nature heals. Whether in a structured programme or through personal practice, Forest Therapy is a powerful tool for navigating the challenges of modern life.

Sources:

• Barton, J., & Pretty, J. (2010). “What is the Best Dose of Nature and Green Exercise for Improving Mental Health?” Environmental Science & Technology.
• Chawla, L., & Cushing, D. F. (2007). “Education for Strategic Environmental Behavior.” Environmental Education Research.
• Hansen, M. M., et al. (2017). “The Effect of Forest Therapy on General Health, Perceived Stress, and Subjective Well-being.” Public Health.
• Kaplan, R., & Kaplan, S. (1989). The Experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective.
• Lee, J., et al. (2011). “Physiological and Psychological Effects of Forest Walks on Young Adults.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.
• Marselle, M. R., Irvine, K. N., & Warber, S. L. (2014). “Walking for Well-being: Are Group Walks in Certain Types of Natural Environments Better for Mental Well-being than Urban Environments?” Ecopsychology.
• Wells, N. M. (2000). “At Home with Nature: Effects of ‘Greenness’ on Children’s Cognitive Functioning.” Environment and Behavior.
• Beck, A. T., et al. (2017). “Group-Based Therapy for PTSD: Benefits of Social Connection in Natural Environments.” Journal of Psychiatric Research.
• Hartig, T., et al. (2014). “Nature and Health.” Annual Review of Public Health.
• Morita, E., et al. (2007). “The Effect of Forest Walking on Physical and Mental Health.” Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.
• Park, B. J., et al. (2010). “The Physiological Effects of Shinrin-yoku (Taking in the Forest Atmosphere or Forest Bathing): Evidence from Field Experiments in 24 Forests across Japan.” Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.
• Ulrich, R. S., et al. (1991). “Stress Recovery during Exposure to Natural and Urban Environments.” Journal of Environmental Psychology.

The post Nature’s Cure: Forest Therapy Case Studies and Insights appeared first on Wild Wood Growers UK.

Incorporating Forest Therapy into your routine doesn’t require access to vast forests or hours of free time. Even small, mindful interactions with nature can yield significant benefits. Here’s how to make Forest Therapy an integral part of your life, no matter where you live.

Start Small

• Short Walks: Begin with brief walks in a nearby green space. Focus on being present, observing the sights and sounds around you.
• Nature Journaling: Take a notebook along and jot down what you notice during your time outside. Reflecting on these observations can deepen your connection to nature.

Engage Your Senses

• Touch: Run your fingers over tree bark, feel the coolness of moss, or dip your hands into a stream.
• Smell: Notice the earthy aroma after rain or the scent of blooming flowers.
• Listen: Close your eyes and tune into the sounds of birdsong, rustling leaves, or flowing water.

Create Rituals

• Morning Routine: Start your day with a mindful moment outdoors, such as sipping tea in your garden or stretching on your balcony.
• Seasonal Practices: Mark changes in the seasons by visiting a favorite natural spot and observing how it transforms.

Join a Community

• Group Sessions: Participate in a guided Forest Therapy walk to learn techniques and connect with like-minded individuals.
• Volunteer: Get involved in local conservation or gardening projects to immerse yourself in nature while giving back.

Forest Therapy is an adaptable practice that can be tailored to fit your lifestyle. By making small, consistent efforts to engage with nature, you can experience its profound benefits for your mind, body, and spirit. Start where you are, and let nature guide you toward greater well-being.

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Cities are vibrant hubs of culture, innovation, and community, but they also present unique health challenges. From air pollution to overcrowding, urban environments often strain both mental and physical well-being. Forest Therapy offers a refreshing antidote, providing urban residents with a natural refuge to restore balance.

The Urban Health Crisis

• Mental Health Strain: Anxiety, depression, and stress are more prevalent among urban populations than rural ones. Factors like noise pollution, lack of green spaces, and high-density living contribute to these issues.
• Physical Health Issues: Urban living is linked to higher rates of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and respiratory conditions due to sedentary lifestyles and exposure to pollution.
• Social Isolation: Despite being surrounded by people, urban residents often report feelings of loneliness and disconnection, exacerbating mental health struggles.

How Forest Therapy Addresses These Challenges

• Reducing Stress and Anxiety: Guided sessions in nature allow participants to slow down and engage with their surroundings, reducing cortisol levels and promoting relaxation.
• Encouraging Physical Activity: Forest Therapy involves gentle, mindful walking, which supports cardiovascular health and combats sedentary lifestyles.
• Fostering Connection: Group sessions create opportunities for social interaction, while individual practices encourage a deeper connection to oneself and the environment.

Practical Ways to Incorporate Forest Therapy

• Guided Walks: Join a Forest Therapy session led by a certified practitioner to explore techniques for mindfulness in nature.
• Daily Nature Time: Dedicate 20 minutes each day to spending time outdoors, whether it’s sitting in a park or strolling through a tree-lined street.
• Bring Nature In: Incorporate plants into your home or office and use natural materials to create a calming indoor environment.

Forest Therapy is more than a walk in the woods—it’s a purposeful practice designed to address the unique challenges of urban living. By integrating nature into daily routines, city dwellers can foster resilience, improve health, and rediscover a sense of harmony amidst the urban hustle.

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Urban living comes with its challenges: endless noise, digital overload, and the daily grind. It’s no surprise that stress and anxiety levels are soaring in cities. But what if the answer to finding calm lies in something as simple as stepping into nature? Forest Therapy, rooted in the practice of Shinrin-yoku (forest bathing), offers urban residents a way to reconnect with nature and themselves.

Key Psychological Benefits of Forest Therapy

• Stress Reduction: Research shows that spending time in nature lowers cortisol levels, the body’s stress hormone, leading to feelings of relaxation. Regular exposure to green spaces helps regulate the nervous system, decreasing symptoms of chronic stress.
• Mood Enhancement: Natural environments can alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety. Studies confirm that even short walks in green spaces can elevate mood and promote a sense of happiness. This is due, in part, to increased exposure to sunlight and the restorative effects of greenery.
• Improved Focus: Attention Restoration Theory suggests that exposure to natural settings helps restore mental energy and improve concentration. This can be particularly valuable for individuals experiencing “urban fatigue” caused by overstimulation and constant demands on their attention.

Why Does Forest Therapy Work?

The healing power of nature lies in its ability to immerse us fully in the present. Forest Therapy emphasizes slowing down, engaging the senses, and building a mindful connection with the natural world. Here are some reasons why it works:

• Sensory Engagement: Unlike urban settings filled with artificial stimuli, nature offers organic sights, sounds, and smells that soothe the mind.
• Reduced Cognitive Load: Natural environments provide a mental break from constant multitasking, allowing the brain to recharge.
• Biophilia Hypothesis: Humans have an innate connection to nature, and Forest Therapy taps into this bond, fostering feelings of peace and belonging.

Practical Tips for Urban Residents

Even in a bustling city, you can enjoy the benefits of Forest Therapy by making small, intentional changes to your routine:

• Visit Green Spaces: Seek out local parks, community gardens, or tree-lined streets. Start with short, regular visits to these areas, focusing on quiet times when they’re less crowded.
• Sensory Awareness: Practice engaging all your senses. Notice the rustling of leaves, the scent of flowers, or the texture of tree bark. Close your eyes for a moment and focus solely on the sounds around you.
• Unplug: Leave your phone behind or switch it to airplane mode to fully immerse yourself in the experience. If safety concerns make this challenging, consider silencing notifications and using your phone only for emergencies.
• Create a Ritual: Design a simple Forest Therapy practice you can repeat, such as starting every morning with a short walk or spending lunch breaks under a tree.

Forest Therapy offers an accessible way to improve mental well-being amidst the pressures of city life. By engaging your senses and embracing the healing power of nature, you can cultivate greater calm and clarity. Why not take a moment today to pause, breathe, and connect with the natural world around you?

If you would like to join a group Forest Therapy session in Wakefield, take a look at our upcoming sessions here.

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Introduction to Lion’s Mane

Lion’s Mane mushrooms, scientifically known as Hericium erinaceus, are aptly named
for their resemblance to the majestic mane of a lion. With their cascading spines and
creamy white colour, these fungi are as visually stunning as they are delicious. Native to
North America, Europe, and Asia, Lion’s Mane mushrooms have a long history of
culinary and medicinal use, revered for their potential to support brain health and
cognitive function.

Health Benefits

In addition to their culinary prowess, Lion’s Mane mushrooms are prized for their
potential health benefits. Rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, these fungi have
been linked to improved cognitive function, reduced inflammation, and enhanced
immune support. Incorporating Lion’s Mane mushrooms into your diet may contribute
to overall well-being and vitality.

Why Lion’s Mane is Good for Cooking

Aside from their striking appearance, Lion’s Mane mushrooms boast a mild, seafood-
like flavour and a tender, meaty texture—making them a versatile ingredient in a variety
of dishes. From stir-fries to soups, their ability to absorb flavours and complement other
ingredients makes them a favourite among chefs and food enthusiasts alike.

Cleaning and Preparing Lion’s Mane Mushrooms

To clean Lion’s Mane mushrooms, gently brush away any dirt or debris with a soft brush
or cloth. Avoid washing them unless necessary, as they can absorb excess moisture
and become soggy. Trim any tough or discoloured parts before slicing or cooking.

Popular Ways to Cook Lion’s Mane Mushrooms

1. Sautéed

Heat a skillet over medium-high heat and add a splash of oil or butter. Slice the Lion’s
Mane mushrooms into thick slices and sauté until golden brown and crispy on the
edges. Season with salt, pepper, and your favourite herbs or spices.

2. Grilled

Brush the Lion’s Mane mushrooms with olive oil or marinade for added flavour. Grill
them over medium-high heat until tender and lightly charred, then slice and serve.

3. Stir-fried

Slice the Lion’s Mane mushrooms and stir-fry them with mixed vegetables, garlic, ginger,
and your choice of sauce (e.g., soy sauce, teriyaki sauce).

4. Baked or Roasted

Coat the Lion’s Mane mushrooms in olive oil and your favourite seasonings, then roast
them in the oven until golden brown and crispy.

5. Tempura

Dip the Lion’s Mane mushroom slices in tempura batter and deep-fry them until golden and crispy.

6. Stuffed

Remove the stems from the Lion's Mane mushrooms and fill the caps with a mixture of
breadcrumbs, cheese, herbs, and other savoury ingredients. Bake them until the filling is
golden and bubbling.

7. Soup or Broth

Add sliced or shredded Lion’s Mane mushrooms to soups, stews, or broths for a hearty
and flavourful addition. Their meaty texture and mild flavour pair well with a variety of
soup bases and ingredients.

These are just a few of the many ways to enjoy the culinary versatility of Lion’s Mane
mushrooms. Whether you’re sautéing, grilling, or stuffing them, these mushrooms add a unique and delicious touch to your meals.

Recipes Using Lion’s Mane Mushrooms

1. Lion’s Mane Mushroom Stir-Fry

– Ingredients: Lion’s Mane mushrooms, mixed vegetables (bell peppers, broccoli,
carrots), garlic, ginger, soy sauce, sesame oil.
– Method: Slice the Lion’s Mane mushrooms and prepare the vegetables. Heat oil in a
wok or skillet, add minced garlic and ginger, then stir-fry the mushrooms and vegetables
until tender. Season with soy sauce and sesame oil, then serve over rice or noodles.

2. Stuffed Lion’s Mane Mushrooms

– Ingredients: Lion’s Mane mushrooms, cream cheese, garlic, breadcrumbs, Parmesan
cheese, fresh herbs (parsley, thyme, marjoram, basil), olive oil.
– Method: Clean and trim the Lion’s Mane mushrooms, then mix cream cheese, garlic,
breadcrumbs, Parmesan cheese, and chopped herbs in a bowl. Stuff the mushroom
caps with the mixture, drizzle with olive oil and bake until golden brown and bubbling.

Cooking with Lion’s Mane mushrooms opens up a world of culinary
possibilities, from simple sautés to gourmet stuffed creations. With their delicate
flavour, meaty texture, and potential health benefits, Lion’s Mane mushrooms are sure
to become a staple in your kitchen. Read more here about herbs that are perfectly matched to cooking with mushrooms.

The post 7 Ways to Cook Lion’s Mane Mushroom appeared first on Wild Wood Growers UK.

Mushrooms bring a unique depth of flavour to our culinary creations. Whether you are
foraging for wild mushrooms or stocking up on your favourite varieties from the shop, preserving
them is a fantastic way to prolong their freshness and intensify their savoury essence. In this
post we will explore four different methods to preserve mushrooms, providing you with a spectrum
of choices for preserving these flavourful fungi.

1. Use a Food Dehydrator

One of the most popular and efficient methods for drying mushrooms is using a food
dehydrator. This method removes moisture from the mushrooms at a controlled
temperature preserving their flavour and texture while inhibiting bacterial growth.
To dehydrate mushrooms:
– Clean your mushrooms thoroughly, removing any dirt or debris.
– Slice the mushrooms evenly to ensure uniform drying.
– Arrange the slices on the dehydrator trays, leaving space between each slice for proper
airflow.
– Set the dehydrator to a low temperature, typically around 130°F to 140°F (55°C to 60°C),
and let it work its magic. Depending on the humidity and thickness of the slices, drying can
take anywhere from a few hours to overnight.
– Once the mushrooms are crisp and brittle, transfer them to an airtight container for
storage.

2. In the Oven

You can still dry mushrooms using your oven if you don’t have a dehydrator. Here’s how:
– Preheat your oven to its lowest setting, typically around 140°F to 170°F (60°C to 75°C).
– Clean and slice the mushrooms as you would for the dehydrator method.
– Arrange the slices on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper, ensuring they are spaced
apart for even drying.
– Place the baking sheet in the oven with the door slightly ajar to allow moisture to escape.
– Depending on your oven and the thickness of the slices, drying can take several hours to
overnight.
– Once the mushrooms are completely dry and crisp, transfer them to an airtight container for storage.

3. Air Dry Naturally

Air drying is a traditional method that requires minimal equipment and is perfect for those
who prefer a hands-off approach. To air-dry mushrooms:

– Clean the mushrooms and slice them as desired and find a well-ventilated area with low humidity, such as a sunny windowsill.
– Arrange the mushroom slices on a clean, dry surface, such as a wire rack or a clean cloth.
– Allow the mushrooms to air dry naturally, turning them occasionally to ensure even drying.
– Depending on the weather conditions, air drying can take several days to a week.
– Once the mushrooms are dehydrated, transfer them to an airtight container for storage.

4. Using a Freeze Dryer

If you are looking for the ultimate preservation method, look no further than the freeze dryer.
Freeze drying involves freezing the mushrooms and then removing the ice crystals through sublimation, while preserving their original shape, texture, and flavour. While freeze drying requires specialised equipment and a larger initial financial investment, the results are well worth it. The freeze-drying method preserves a higher level of nutrients than any other method and when stored correctly, freeze-dried foods can be stored for up to 25 years.

To freeze dry mushrooms:
– Clean and slice the mushrooms as you would for other drying methods.
– Arrange the slices on the trays of the freeze dryer, making sure they are spaced apart for
even drying.
– Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific freeze-dryer model.
– Once the mushrooms are freeze-dried, transfer them to an airtight container or myler bag for storage.

How to Store Your Preserved Mushrooms

Now that you have successfully preserved your mushrooms, it’s time to store them properly to
maintain their freshness. Here are some tips:
– Transfer the dried mushrooms to clean, airtight containers or vacuum-sealed bags.
– Store the containers in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
– Check the mushrooms periodically for any signs of moisture or mould, and discard any that
appear compromised.
– Properly stored, dried mushrooms can last for several months to a year, ensuring you have
a flavourful supply on hand whenever inspiration strikes.

Each drying method offers a unique way to savour the essence of mushrooms
throughout the year. Whether you opt for the convenience of a dehydrator, the simplicity of
oven drying, the patience of air drying, or the precision of freeze drying, there’s no shortage
of ways to preserve the freshness of your mushrooms. Experiment with different methods to
find the ones that best suit your taste preferences and culinary needs. With time and
patience, you will have a stash of perfectly preserved mushrooms ready to enhance your
dishes with their rich, earthy flavour. If you enjoy cooking with mushrooms you might want to head over to our ‘6 Herbs to Cook with Mushrooms’ post. Happy preserving!

The post 4 Ways to Preserve Mushrooms appeared first on Wild Wood Growers UK.

Springtime in the UK is a delightful season to enjoy, especially when nature awakens and offers a vast range of wild food to eat. One of the earliest wild plants that grow during this season is purple dead nettle, also known as Lamium purpureum. Despite its humble appearance, this plant has numerous uses in folk remedies and can be consumed as food.

This plant is known by several names, including dead nettle, red dead nettle, and purple archangel. Despite its confusing nature, purple dead nettle has managed to earn its name, “dead nettle,” due to its leaves resembling those of stinging nettle. However, it is considered “dead” because it lacks stinging trichomes on its leaves. Interestingly, purple dead nettle is not a true nettle belonging to the Urticaceae family, but rather a member of the mint family.

How to Identify and Harvest Purple Dead Nettle

Purple dead nettle is easily identifiable by its heart or spade-shaped leaves with a square stem, which takes on a purple hue towards the top. It can be found almost everywhere, from ditches alongside roads to fields and gardens. This plant is incredibly important to native pollinators and honeybees, making it an excellent choice for maintaining a healthy ecosystem.

It’s worth noting that purple dead nettle is not native to the UK, and its natural habitat is Eurasia, but it has become naturalized over the years. If you’re new to foraging, this is a perfect plant to start with because it doesn’t have any poisonous look-alikes. It’s also easy to identify, and you’ll be surprised to see how common it is once you learn to spot it.

To harvest dead nettle, look for plants growing in clean, pesticide-free areas. Using clean, sharp scissors or garden shears, cut the top 1/3 of the plant just above a node or pair of leaves. Leave enough of the plant intact so that it can continue to grow and produce flowers for pollinators. Dead nettle can be harvested multiple times throughout the growing season, making it a great option for those who enjoy wildcrafting.

Purple Dead Nettle as a Pollinator

Purple Dead Nettle is a more significant food source for bees compared to dandelions. In early spring, even before spotting the first morel of the season, I relish a fresh cup of purple dead nettle tea, one of the first wild edibles to appear. If you live in a region with mild winters, you might witness this plant’s growth even in winter.

As one of the earliest plants to bloom, it serves as a crucial food source for native pollinators and honeybees, and you’ll often notice it buzzing with bees. Fortunately, this plant grows abundantly, and it tends to sprout up everywhere. One of the simplest ways to assist pollinators in the spring is to refrain from mowing your lawn for a while.

Health Benefits of Purple Dead Nettle

Purple dead nettle is an effective natural antihistamine for seasonal allergies. If you’re struggling with seasonal allergies, purple dead nettle can be a great natural remedy to alleviate your symptoms. It contains antihistamine properties that can help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms such as itchy eyes and runny nose.

When pollen counts are high, drinking a daily cup of purple dead nettle tea can provide relief. This is especially true if you live in an area where the plant is abundant.

Before you go foraging for purple dead nettle or try any new herbal remedies, be sure to consult your physician, especially if you’re pregnant, nursing, or immunocompromised. Also, be a responsible forager by asking permission before picking on someone’s property and taking only what you need. Remember that wildlife relies on this plant for food, so be mindful of them.

Use in Herbal Remedies

Purple dead nettle is a versatile plant that can be used in various herbal remedies. One of the easiest and more potent ways to enjoy its medicinal benefits is by making a tincture. To create a purple dead nettle tincture, finely mince ¼ cup of the plant and combine it with ½ cup of 40% ABV vodka in a clean mason jar. Cover the jar with parchment paper before screwing on the lid to protect the metal from the alcohol. Store the jar in a cool, dark place for a month before straining the tincture into a clean amber bottle or jar.

Another way to use purple dead nettle is by infusing it into a carrier oil, such as apricot kernel, grapeseed oil, or sweet almond oil. Fill a sterilised pint jar halfway with minced purple dead nettle and top it up with the carrier oil, filling the jar almost completely. Shake the jar and store it in a dark place, giving it a good shake now and then. After 6-8 weeks, strain the oil into another sterilised jar, cover it, label it, and store it somewhere dark and cool.

This infused oil can be used to make balms, lotions, creams, and even as the base for an after-bite salve for bug bites when combined with plantain tincture. Purple dead nettle is anti-inflammatory and astringent, making it a good basic healing salve.

Final Thoughts

In conclusion, if you’re looking for a new plant to forage, you should give purple dead nettle a try. Not only is it easy to identify, but it’s also readily available and can be consumed as food or used in folk remedies. Plus, by allowing it to grow in your garden, you’ll be doing your part to support native pollinators and honeybees.

Read 6 Immune Boosting Mushrooms if you’re interested in the health benefits of wild food.

The post Purple Dead Nettle: A Versatile and Abundant Wild Herb appeared first on Wild Wood Growers UK.

Horseradish is a popular root vegetable that is often used as a condiment or ingredient in sauces and salads. It is closely related to cabbage, broccoli, and mustard and can be eaten raw, cooked, or pickled. The roots can be grated and used to flavour soups, stews, and meats. It has a sharp, pungent flavour that can add a kick to any dish. Horseradish is also a popular choice as an ingredient in Bloody Marys. If you like to experiment with new flavors, then growing horseradish in your kitchen garden is a great idea.

Health Benefits of Horseradish

The pungent flavor of horseradish comes from the compound allyl isothiocyanate. This compound is also found in mustard, wasabi, and cabbage. When the root is cut or grated, enzymes convert glucosinolates into allyl isothiocyanate. This reaction releases sulfur compounds that give horseradish its characteristic odour. Allyl isothiocyanate has potent medicinal properties. It has been shown to boost the immune system, improve circulation, and aid in digestion. In the Middle Ages, horseradish was thought to be a cure for various ailments including coughs, colds, and sore throats. The root was also thought to have digestive properties. Horseradish can also be used as a natural expectorant to relieve congestion such as sinus infections and bronchitis.

Growing Horseradish

If you’re interested in growing horseradish, it’s surprisingly easy to do! Horseradish prefers full sun and well-drained soil. It’s best to plant horseradish in the spring after all danger of frost has passed.

Plants can be grown by seed, but it’s much more common and easier to raise from pieces of root, known as thongs, which are available from specialist growers or garden centres in spring or from pot-grown plants that can be bought all year round.

To grow in pots, fill with multi-purpose compost, make some deep vertical holes with a dibber, then drop in a thong so that the top is 5cm (2in) beneath the surface of the compost and cover. Three thongs in a 30cm (12in) container is ideal. Place in a sunny or partially shaded spot. Growth will soon appear from above the surface of the compost or soil in spring.

Plants can become invasive and difficult to eradicate when grown in the ground. They are best kept under control by growing in pots or raised beds filled with rich, well-drained soil. Keep plants well watered during the growing season, especially during periods of drought to prevent the foliage from withering.

When Is The Best Time To Harvest Horseradish?

Horseradish is typically harvested in the autumn after the plant has had a chance to mature. However, if you live in an area with mild winters, you can also harvest horseradish in late winter or early spring. Keep an eye on the weather forecast and harvest your horseradish once the leaves die back in autumn, ideally after frost, which enhances its flavour. If your horseradish is growing in pots tip the plant out of its container and remove about half of the slender white roots. Replant the remaining roots back in the container, in fresh potting compost. Regardless of when you harvest it, make sure to do so before the plant flowers. Once horseradish flowers, the flavour of the roots will become mild and bland.

For horseradish that has been established in beds simply dig up the root with a shovel or spade. Be careful not to damage the roots as you dig them up. Cut off the leaves about 1-2 inches from the root and discard them. Rinse the roots well and allow them to air dry for a few hours before storing them in a cool, dark place. They will keep fresh for several months if stored correctly.

Whether you’re looking to add some zing to your cooking or searching for a home remedy with proven health benefits, horseradish is worth considering as an addition to your garden. This versatile root vegetable has a long history of culinary and medicinal use. So go ahead and give it a try. Your taste buds (and your body) will thank you.

Use our recipe to make your own classic horseradish sauce.

The post Growing Horseradish: The Spicy Root Vegetable That’s Easy To Grow appeared first on Wild Wood Growers UK.